Notes on the Manufacture of Iron and Steel Products
Chapter 1: Introduction and Historical Perspective
Chapter 2: The Recovery of Iron from Ore
This chapter is a brief introduction to the smelting of iron from ore, and includes some concepts in physical chemistry, blast furnace reactions and basic reactor layout, ores, coke, and fluxes.
Chapter 3: The Refinement of Iron to Steel
This chapter is a brief overview of steelmaking processes, including the Bessemer/Kelly process, the Thomas process, the open-hearth process, the basic oxygen process, and electric-arc furnace steelmaking. Historical and technical aspects of process development are discussed and the physical chemistry of steelmaking is reviewed.
Chapter 4: Control of Melt Chemistry
In this chapter, methods for control of melt chemistry and melt cleanliness in the ladle are discussed briefly, along with purification methods such as vacuum-arc and electroslag remelting.
Chapter 5: Conventional and Ingot Casting
In this chapter, some aspects of conventional and continuous casting are briefly introduced. Rimmed, capped, and killed steels are discussed.
Chapter 6: Product forms and Classifications
In this chapter, the classification of steels and steel product forms is briefly outlined. This includes classification of steels by carbon/alloy content and product forms by process, shape, and size.
